“How long will it take to get pregnant?” is probably the first question you asked when you finished all your preconception research, knew you were ready to start a family, and made the exciting decision to try for a baby. The answer may not be straightforward, unfortunately, as there are many factors affecting a couple’s ability to conceive naturally. Some of the most important include maternal age, general health, reproductive health, and how often they have sex. Here are some general guidelines.

What to expect when you're not yet expecting

Firstly, remember that getting pregnant is not always quick or easy, and if that is your case, you are far from alone. In fact, an estimated 17.5% of couples (or one in six people worldwide) experience infertility, which is defined as an inability to conceive after a year of having regular, unprotected sex. Infertility can be emotional and frustrating, but it's important to remember that there are many options and resources available for those who struggle, including referral to a reproductive endocrinologist or counseling.

What might be delaying conception?

It may help you to remember that when guidelines recommend “having regular sex,” this means doing it every 2 to 3 days throughout the month. Couples who are trying could time having sex to coincide with when the woman ovulates to boost their odds. Still, try not to worry about scheduling sex if it makes you feel stressed, especially as stress can adversely impact your chances of conceiving.

Maternal age is a major factor. Women are born with a finite number of eggs, and the quantity and quality decrease over time. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, this decline starts in her mid-30s and progresses more rapidly after age 37. Both male and female fertility, as well as any potential conception, can be affected by smoking, alcohol and drug use, certain medications, and cancer treatments.

Women should discuss how they can manage underlying medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and thyroid disorders, with their doctor. Problems with ovarian function, obstructed fallopian tubes, or uterine abnormalities like fibroids commonly cause female fertility issues. A man with disrupted testicular or ejaculatory function can have trouble conceiving. Certain hormonal or genetic conditions also impact male fertility.

So, how long does it typically take to get pregnant?

For couples who are actively trying to conceive, meaning having unprotected sex 2-3 times a week, the NICE guidelines (evidence-based recommendations for health and care in England) state that more than eight out of 10 will get pregnant within a year. This is provided the woman is under forty. More than nine out of 10 such couples will get pregnant within two years. This means that, for the vast majority of couples, getting pregnant can be achieved; it just takes some time.

However, these statistics are just guidelines, and as we’ve mentioned, there are many factors that can impact an individual couple's ability to conceive. If you have been trying for more than a year (or six months if you are over the age of 35), it's a good idea to consult a doctor about underlying medical issues that may be holding things up or even to explore potential fertility treatments.

Remember, starting a family is a journey. You and your partner are in this together and should be gentle with one another. With education, tenacity, and the right support, you can greatly increase your chances of conceiving and starting the family of your dreams.

How Long Will It Take To Conceive?

For our Preconception Journey, Unii looks at the most frequently asked preconception question.