This article is an overview of some vital vaccinations for toddlers. While all can ensure your child grows up healthy and safe, some are not routine for every population. Remember to follow your country's vaccination schedule and consult healthcare professionals about any additional concerns.

Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis

First on the list is the DTaP vaccine, which offers protection against three serious bacterial infections: diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough. Diphtheria can lead to severe respiratory issues, while tetanus affects the nervous system, causing muscle stiffness and spasms. Pertussis, characterised by violent coughing fits, poses a significant risk to young children. The DTaP vaccine starts at two months of age, administered in a series of doses continuing throughout childhood.

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B (Hib) is a bacterial infection that can lead to serious illnesses such as meningitis, pneumonia, and throat swelling. The Hib vaccine provides protection against these life-threatening diseases, administered in a series of doses starting at two months and completed by 12 to 15 months.

Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine

The Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) grants immunity against poliovirus, a highly infectious disease that causes paralysis. Administered as a series of four doses, the IPV vaccination begins at two months and concludes by 4 to 6 years of age.

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

The Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) protects against infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, preventing diseases like pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections. Given in a series of doses, it starts at two months and finishes by 12 to 15 months.

Meningococcal, Rotavirus, and Hepatitis B

Most vaccination schedules include Meningococcal B and C vaccinations, which is crucial for preventing meningitis. Rotavirus is an oral immunisation given in infancy, while hepatitis B is now part of the UK schedule as an early vaccine.

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella

The MMR vaccine defends against three viral diseases: measles, mumps, and rubella. Measles, highly contagious, can lead to complications like pneumonia and encephalitis, which is swelling and inflammation of the brain. Mumps causes salivary gland swelling, while rubella can harm pregnant women. Administered in two doses, the first is given at 12 to 15 months, and the second between 3 to 6 years.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis or BCG vaccination has not been routine for the general population in the UK since 2005. However, it is still administered to certain vulnerable groups. Consult your doctor regarding local provisions for this vaccination for toddlers.

Influenza

While not routine, a flu vaccination may be advisable for your two-to-three-year-old during flu season. Chat to your paediatrician to determine if it is right for your child.

Varicella

The varicella vaccine protects against the varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox. Administered in two doses, the first is given at 12 to 15 months, and the second at 4 to 6 years.

Hepatitis A

The hepatitis A vaccine offers protection against the hepatitis A virus, which causes liver infections. Administered in two doses, the first is recommended between 12 to 23 months, with the second dose given six to 18 months later.

COVID-19

While not part of the routine schedule, the Covid-19 vaccine is still something many parents ask about. For most children, COVID-19 is mild, but those with certain medical conditions can become severely ill. Please consult your doctor to determine if the vaccine is right for your child.

Recommended Vaccines for Toddlers

Unii covers common recommended vaccines for the under-threes on our Toddler Health & Development Journey.